Discuss Twain’s account of their trip to Gibraltar and Tangier as a representation of culture as also the practices of writing history.

 Discuss Twain’s account of their trip to Gibraltar and Tangier as a representation of culture

as also the practices of writing history.

Mark Twain's account of the trip to Gibraltar and Tangier in "The Innocents Abroad" offers a rich commentary on culture and the practices of writing history. Twain's narrative blends humor, satire, and keen observation to provide insights into the cultural dynamics of these locations and critique historical narratives.

### Gibraltar

#### Cultural Observations

Twain describes Gibraltar as a melting pot of various nationalities and cultures. His depiction of the bustling atmosphere, with a mix of Spanish, British, Moorish, and other influences, highlights the cosmopolitan nature of the place. He observes the interactions among these diverse groups, often with a humorous tone that underscores the sometimes absurd juxtapositions.

#### Satirical Commentary

Twain satirizes the British colonial presence in Gibraltar, noting the incongruity between the imposing military fortifications and the everyday life of the inhabitants. His descriptions of the overly formal and rigid British soldiers contrasted with the more relaxed local population serve to critique colonial attitudes and practices.

#### Historical Narrative

Twain also delves into the history of Gibraltar, though he does so with a skeptical eye. He questions the glorified accounts of battles and sieges, suggesting that the historical narratives are often exaggerated and romanticized. His irreverent take on these stories challenges the reader to think critically about how history is written and remembered.

### Tangier

#### Cultural Observations

In Tangier, Twain’s observations take on an even more exotic tone. He describes the sensory overload of the Moroccan city, from the vibrant markets to the diverse population. His detailed descriptions of the people, their attire, and the bustling activities in the streets provide a vivid picture of the local culture.

#### Humor and Satire

Twain’s humor is evident in his portrayal of the cultural clashes experienced by Western tourists. He recounts the confusion and misunderstandings that arise due to language barriers and different customs. His anecdotes about the interactions between the American travelers and the local guides and merchants are particularly humorous, often highlighting the naivety and arrogance of the former.

#### Critique of Historical Writing

Twain's account in Tangier also critiques the ways history is recorded and presented. He points out the discrepancies between the romanticized images of the Orient found in Western literature and the reality on the ground. His narrative suggests that Western historians and travel writers often distort or simplify complex cultures to fit their preconceived notions and biases.

### Representation of Culture

Twain's accounts of Gibraltar and Tangier serve as a commentary on how cultures are represented and understood. He emphasizes the importance of firsthand experience and observation, while also acknowledging the limitations and biases that travelers bring with them. His narrative suggests that true cultural understanding requires humility, openness, and a willingness to challenge one’s own preconceptions.

### Practices of Writing History

Twain’s skeptical and often irreverent approach to historical narratives highlights the subjective nature of history writing. He underscores the role of the historian’s perspective and the influence of contemporary attitudes and beliefs on the recording of historical events. By questioning the accuracy and objectivity of historical accounts, Twain encourages readers to adopt a critical stance towards accepted histories and to consider multiple viewpoints.

### Conclusion

In "The Innocents Abroad," Twain’s accounts of Gibraltar and Tangier offer a rich tapestry of cultural observations and a critique of historical writing practices. His humor and satire provide a lens through which to examine the complexities of cultural interactions and the construction of historical narratives. Twain’s narrative ultimately calls for a more nuanced and critical approach to understanding both history and culture.